These Polaroid Manipulations are a combination of photography and digital art. These are just a few of the images I created for about five years using this process before the Polaroid company failed. They were made with Polaroid SX70 Time Zero film whose emulsion and dye layers remain malleable for several minutes before hardening.

Once the photograph has been taken and the image has developed, the emulsion could be can be manipulated by pressing a stylus or a dried ball point pen directly into the surface of the Polaroid, creating lines, patterns, and dots. Once the film has hardened, the marks are permanent. The resulting Polaroids look like miniature paintings with a sculptural relief quality in the grooves of the marks.  These images are excellent for printing on canvas.